Rothwell's 'fifth generation' model suggests that innovation ....

needs five or more players in the network

is increasingly about linkages within and across enterprises

requires five times the original investment of the founder to succeed

works best in old family businesses

Open innovation is

a model for organising the process where firms seek to source ideas from inside and outside

an approach to risk management in innovation

a board-level commitment to unlimited funds for innovation activities

an innovation project with no limit on the number of staff employed

Communities of practice are facilities where sports skills can be developed more effectively.

Which of the following are advantages which might emerge from a process of shared learning? (Several choices may be correct.)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a learning network?

they meet on working days only

A supplier development programme involving a major buyer firm and several of its key suppliers offers an opportunity for establishing a learning network.

The theory of networks talks about ‘emergent properties’ – essentially where the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. Which of the following is not an emergent property of an innovation network?

Bringing together different knowledge sets to solve a particular complex problem

Maximising problem-solving capabilities by getting more (and different) minds on the job

Sharing the risks around exploring and exploiting new ideas

Reducing the catering costs of network meetings

Necessity is always the mother of invention. Innovation only succeeds when there is a clear user need.

Setting up innovation networks requires a legal contract between organizations.

In innovation networks, bigger is always better - the more players in the network the more effective it is?

Emergent properties are

houses which come on the market after a fixed legal period

characteristics of a network which emerge as a result of interaction amongst the players

hidden beneftis in a product innovation which only come out after a period of use

characteristics of networks set up in newly industrialising countries like Brazil or India

Innovation networks are only used in new product development and do not apply in service sectors.

Which of the following is not a benefit which could emerge from an innovation network?

priority access to major cultural events

Firms join innovation networks primarily to reduce their costs.

Innovation networks can only be set up with firms who are in the same geographical area.

Innovation network participants must always be large organizations because they can spare the time to talk with others.

Innovation networks can be set up amongst competing firms.